Few landmarks in Tbilisi spark more debate than the ancient Narikala Fortress. Some argue that the fortress reflects Persian power more than Georgian history, while others see it as a symbol of Georgian identity alone. Yet the story of Narikala is far more complex. Over centuries, Persians, Georgians, Arabs, Mongols, and Ottomans all shaped the fortress that still rises above the city today. Conquerors, builders, and traders left their marks of conquest, rebuilding, and cultural exchange on its walls. To understand Narikala, we must look beyond modern nationalism and read the layered history the fortress inscribes in its stone walls.
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Discovering the Ephesus’ Re-purposed Sites for Churches
Biblical history promotes Ephesus as a significant location where Christianity spread. Many tours focus on Roman and Greek influences but do not mention the last 500 years or more, during which the city became a dominant Christian center. The conversion of the Ephesians transformed the city from a pagan center to a thriving Christian community. A visit to Ephesus provides a unique glimpse into how early believers repurposed civic or religious spaces for Christian worship. This ancient city hosts a dozen or more repurposed Christian sites.
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Hidden Crosses at Seljuk Museum
A visit to the Museum of Ephesus in Selçuk is essential for anyone exploring the ancient city itself. During my first visit, I was struck by the overwhelming presence of idols, statues, and pagan imagery that once filled Ephesus. The Seljuk museum vividly reveals the spiritual world of the ancient city and helps visitors understand the religious atmosphere that early Christians encountered there. Today, a seeker of Christian history will again encounter the ancient focus since one must look beyond the ruins and even the museum, where the exhibitions fail to highlight Christianity’s rise over its final 500 years.
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In the Footsteps of Early Christians: Naples’ Oldest Churches
Finding the oldest churches in Naples is not easy, as some sites are not open to the public. Today, centuries-old churches look like the others in the city, but a few have roots dating back to the sixth century. Let’s continue the walk and try to find the other churches on our list.
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Ancient Naples Revealed: Hunting for the City’s Oldest Churches
Get ready to discover unique hidden Christian history at Naples’ oldest churches. Our walking tour winds through the vibrant north-eastern streets of central Naples and leads us to the bustling port. Here, between the train station and the port, you can explore the city’s oldest churches. Step inside some of these churches, while others invite you to uncover their secrets from the outside.
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The Great Orthodox Divide between Neighbors: Georgian and Armenian
The tension between Christian neighbors is deeply rooted in religious differences that have formed over centuries of misunderstanding and merciless devastation. Armenian churches sit wasting away throughout Tbilisi, and Georgian believers in Armenia have no official status. As Christians, one would think that they can resolve their differences within these orthodox churches.
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